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   <front>
      <journal-meta>
         <journal-id>ZYGO</journal-id>
         <journal-title-group>
            <journal-title>Zygon®</journal-title>
            <abbrev-journal-title/>
         </journal-title-group>
         <issn pub-type="print">0591-2385</issn>
         <issn pub-type="electronic">1467-9744</issn>
      </journal-meta>
      <article-meta>
         <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1111/j.1467-9744.1991.tb00801.x</article-id>
         <title-group>
            <article-title>CONSCIOUSNESS FOR THE TWENTY‐FIRST CENTURY</article-title>
         </title-group>
         <contrib-group>
            <contrib contrib-type="author">
               <name name-style="western">
                  <surname>Csikszentmihalyi</surname>
                  <given-names>Mihaly</given-names>
               </name>
            </contrib>
         </contrib-group>
         <aff id="a1"/>
         <pub-date publication-format="electronic" iso-8601-date="1991-03-02">
            <day>02</day>
            <month>03</month>
            <year>1991</year>
         </pub-date>
         <volume>26</volume>
         <issue>1</issue>
         <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1111/zygo.1991.26.issue-1</issue-id>
         <fpage>7</fpage>
         <lpage>25</lpage>
         <permissions/>
         <abstract>
            <p>Abstract.  Human action and experience are the outcome of genes and memes. Not only are both of these represented in consciousness, but consciousness mediates their claims and thus governs our choices. Hence it is important how consciousness is ordered and where it is directed. Sorokin's typology of the sensate and the ideational (“spiritual”), and the dialectic between them, is relevant to this issue. In our period of history, the sensate factors of materialism and secularism need to be dialectically counterbalanced by the reinforcement of memes that value the spiritual intimations of the realm beyond the senses. As we approach the twenty‐first century, the memes that will undergird our spirituality will be those that resacralize nature and emphasize our unity as humans with all of universal reality, in an idea of common “beinghood.” Spiritual systems that accord with this trend in evolution will have to respect three conditions. They will (1) integrate the sensate and the ideational; (2) reflect the importance of the “flow” state of optimal experience, which matches ever‐complexifying skills with comparable challenges; and (3) move the fulcrum of their worldview from the human being to the network of beings and its evolution.</p>
         </abstract>
         <kwd-group>
            <kwd>“beinghood”</kwd>
            <kwd>cultural evolution</kwd>
            <kwd>ideational</kwd>
            <kwd>psychological selection</kwd>
            <kwd>sensate</kwd>
            <kwd>spirituality</kwd>
         </kwd-group>
         <counts/>
      </article-meta>
   </front>
   <body/>
   <back>
      <ref-list>
         <ref id="b1">
            <mixed-citation id="cit1" publication-type="journal">Burhoe, R. W.1976. “The Source of Civilization in the Natural Selection of Coadapted Information in Genes and Cultures<source>Zygon: Journal of Religion and Science 
        </source>11 (September), 263–303.
</mixed-citation>
         </ref>
         <ref id="b2">
            <mixed-citation id="cit2" publication-type="book">Csikszentmihalyi, M., and 
I. S.Csikszentmihalyi. 1988. Optimal Experience: Studies of Flow in Consciousness. 
            New York
          : Cambridge Univ. Press.
</mixed-citation>
         </ref>
         <ref id="b3">
            <mixed-citation id="cit3" publication-type="book">Sorokin, P. A.1957. Social and Cultural Dynamics. 
            Boston
          : Porter Sargent.
</mixed-citation>
         </ref>
      </ref-list>
   </back>
</article>
