References

Arenander, A., and F. T.Travis. 2004. “Brain patterns of self‐awareness  .” In Self‐Awareness Deficits, ed. B.Beitman and J.Nair. New York : W. W. Norton.

Baars, Bernard J.1983. “Conscious contents provide the nervous system with coherent, global information  .” In Consciousness and Self‐regulation, ed. R. J.Davidson, G. E.Schwartz, and D.Shapiro, 41–79. New York : Plenum.

Baars, Bernard J.1998. “Metaphors of consciousness and attention in the brain. Trends in Neuro-sciences  21:58–62.

Baars, Bernard J.2002. “The conscious access hypothesis: Origins and recent evidence. Trends in Cognitive Sciences  6:47–52.

Baars, Bernard J., T. Z.Ramsoy, and S.Laureys. 2003. “Brain, conscious experience and the observing self. Trends in Neurosciences  26:671–75.

Baer, R. A., G. T.Smith, and K. B.Allen. 2004. “Assessment of mindfulness by self‐report: The Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills. Assessment  11:191–206.

Baer, R. A., G. T.Smith, J.Hopkins, J.Krietemeyer, and L.Toney. 2006. “Using self‐report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment  13:27–45.

Baijal, Shruti, and NarayananSrinivasan. 2009. “Types of attention matter for awareness: A study with color afterimages. Consciousness and Cognition  18:1039–48.

Block, Ned. 2007. “Consciousness, accessibility, and the mesh between psychology and neuroscience. Behavioural and Brain Sciences  30:481–548.

Brefczynski‐Lewis, J. A., A.Lutz, H. S.Schaefer, D. B.Levinson, and R. J.Davidson. 2007. “Neural correlates of attentional expertise in long‐term meditation practitioners. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.  104:11483–88.

Brown, K. W., and R. M.Ryan. 2003. “The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well‐being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology  84:822–48.

Buchheld, N., P.Grossman, and H.Walach. 2001. “Measuring mindfulness in insight meditation (Vipassana) and meditation‐based psychotherapy: The development of the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI). Journal for Meditation and Meditation Research  1:11–34.

Bundesen, C., T.Habekost, and S.Kyllingsbaek. 2005. “A neural theory of visual attention: Bridging cognition and neurophysiology. Psychological Review  112:291–328.

Buschman, T. J., and E. K.Miller. 2007. “Top‐down versus bottom‐up control of attention in the prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices. Science  315:1860–62.

Cahn, B. R., and J.Polich. 2006. “Meditation states and traits: EEG, ERP, and neuroimaging studies. Psychological Bulletin  132:180–211.

Carrasco, M., S.Ling, and S.Read. 2004. “Attention alters appearance. Nature Neuroscience  7:308–13.

Carter, O. L., et al. 2005. “Meditation alters perceptual rivalry in Tibetan Buddhist monks. Current Biology  15:R412–13.

Corbetta, M.1998. “Frontoparietal cortical networks for directing attention and the eye to visual locations: Identical, independent, or overlapping neural systems?Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.  95:831–38.

Corbetta, M., J. M.Kincade, J. M.Ollinger, M. P.McAvoy, and G. L.Shulman. 2000. “Voluntary orienting is dissociated from target detection in human posterior parietal cortex. Nature Neuroscience  3:292–97.

Corbetta, M., F. M.Miezin, G. L.Shulman, and S. E.Petersen. 1991. “Selective and divided attention during visual discriminations of shape, color, and speed; functional anatomy by positron emission tomography. Journal of Neuroscience  11: 2383–2402.

Corbetta, M., and G. L.Shulman. 2002. “Control of goal‐directed and stimulus‐driven attention in the brain. Nature Review Neuroscience  3:201–15.

Craig, A. D.2004. “Human feelings: Why are some more aware than others?Trends in Cognitive Sciences  8:239–41.

Crick, F.1994. The Astonishing Hypothesis. New York : Scribners.

Critchley, H. D., S.Wiens, P.Rotshtein, A.Ohman, and R. J.Dolan. 2004. “Neural systems supporting interoceptive awareness. Nature Neuroscience  7:189–95.

DalaiLama. 1994. Transcendent Wisdom: A Teaching on the Wisdom Section of Shantideva's Guide to the Bodhisattva Way of Life. Trans., ed., and annot. B. A.Wallace. Ithaca , N.Y. : Snow Lion.

Damasio, A.1999. The Feeling of What Happens: Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness. New York : Harcourt, Brace.

Davidson, R. J., and D. J.Goleman. 1977. “The role of attention in meditation and hypnosis: A psychobiological perspective on transformations of consciousness. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis  25:291–308.

Dehaene, Stanislas, M.Kerszberg, and J. P.Changeux. 1998. “A neuronal model of a global workspace in effortful cognitive tasks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.  95:14529–34.

Dehaene, Stanislas, J. P.Changeux, L.Naccache, J.Sackur, and C.Sergent. 2006. “Conscious, preconscious, and subliminal processing: A testable taxonomy. Trends in Cognitive Sciences  10:204–11.

Derryberry, Douglas, and Marjorie A.Reed. 1998. “Anxiety and attentional focusing: Trait, state and hemispheric influences. Personality and Individual Differences  25:745–61.

Desimone, R., and J.Duncan. 1995. “Neural mechanisms of selective visual attention. Annual Review of Neuroscience  18:193–222.

Duncan, J.2001. “An adaptive coding model of neural function in prefrontal cortex. Nature Reviews Neuroscience  2:820–29.

Duncan, J., and E. K.Miller. 2002. “Cognitive focusing through adaptive neural coding in the primate prefrontal cortex  .” In Principles of Frontal Lobe Function, ed. D.Stuss and R. T.Knight, 278–91. New York : Oxford Univ. Press.

Eriksen, C. W., and Y.Yeh. 1985. “Allocation of attention in visual field. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance  11:583–97.

Farb, N. A. S., Z. V.Segal, H.Mayberg, et al. 2007. “Attending to the present: Meditation reveals distinct neural modes of self‐reference. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience  2:313–22.

Feldman, G. C., A. M.Hayes, S. M.Kumar, and J. M.Greeson. 2004. Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale  . Unpublished manuscript.

Förster, J., R. S.Friedman, A.Özelsel, and M.Denzler. 2006. “Enactment of approach and avoidance behavior influences the scope of perceptual and conceptual attention. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology  42:133–46.

Förster, J., and E. T.Higgins. 2005. “How global versus local perception fits regulatory focus. Psychological Science  16:631–36.

Fredrickson, B. L.2004. “The broaden and build theory of positive emotion. Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences (The Royal Society of London)  359:1367–77.

Freud, Sigmund. 1959. “Instincts and their vicissitudes  .” In Collected Papers of Sigmund Freud, ed. E.Jones, 317–85. New York : Basic Books.

Gaillard, R., S.Dehaene, C.Adam, S.Clémenceau, D.Hasboun, et al. 2009. “Converging intracranial markers of conscious access. PLoS [Public Library of Science] Biology  7: e1000061.

Gallagher, Shaun. 2000. “Philosophical conceptions of the self: Implications for cognitive science. Trends in Cognitive Sciences  4:14–21.

Gazzaniga, Michael S.1985. The Social Brain. New York : Basic Books.

Goldberg, I. I., M.Harel, and R.Malach. 2006. “When the brain loses its self: Prefrontal inactivation during sensorimotor processing. Neuron  50:329–39.

Goldstein, J.2002. One Dharma: The Emerging Western Buddhism. San Francisco : Harper Collins.

Hayes, S. C., and K. G.Wilson. 2003. “Mindfulness as a method and process. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice  10:161–65.

Hayes, S. C., K.Strosahl, and K. G.Wilson. 1999. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: An Experiential Approach to Behavior Change. New York : Guilford.

James, William. 1890. The Principles of Psychology. Vol. I. New York : Dover.

Kabat‐Zinn, J.1982. “An outpatient program in behavioral medicine for chronic pain patients based on the practice of mindfulness meditation: Theoretical considerations and preliminary results. General Psychiatry  4:33–47.

Kabat‐Zinn, J.1990. Full Catastrophe Living: Using the Wisdom of Your Mind and Body to Face Stress, Pain, and Illness. New York : Delacorte.

Kabat‐Zinn, J.2000. “Indras network: The mainstreaming of Dharma practice in society  .” In The Psychology of Awakening: Buddhism, Science, and Our Day‐to‐Day Lives, ed. G.Watson and S.Batchelor, 225–49. North Beach , Maine : Weiser.

Kabat‐Zinn, J.2003. “Mindfulness‐based interventions in context: Past, present, and future. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice  10:144–56.

Kant, Immanuel. [1781] 1996. Critique of Pure Reason [Kritik der reinen Vernunft]. Trans. W. S.Pluhar. Indianapolis : Hackett.

Lamme, V.2003. “Why attention and awareness are different. Trends in Cognitive Sciences  7:12–18.

LatiRinbochay. 1981. Mind in Tibetan Buddhism. Trans. and ed. ElizabethNapper. Valois : Gabriel/Snow Lion.

Lutz, A., L.Greischar, N. B.Rawlings, M.Ricard, and R. J.Davidson. 2004. “Long‐term meditators self‐induce high‐amplitude synchrony during mental practice. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.  101:16369–73.

Lutz, A., H. A.Slagter, J. D.Dunne, and R. J.Davidson. 2008. “Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation. Trends in Cognitive Sciences  12:163–69.

Mack, A., and I.Rock. 1998. Inattentional Blindness. Cambridge : MIT Press.

Maia, T. V., and A.Cleeremans. 2005. “Consciousness: Converging insights from connectionist modeling and neuroscience. Trends in Cognitive Sciences  9:397–404.

Marlatt, G. A., and J. R.Gordon. 1985. Relapse Prevention: Maintenance Strategies in the Treatment of Addictive Behaviors. New York : Guilford.

Mead, G. H.1934. Mind, Self, and Society. Chicago : Univ. of Chicago Press.

Milner, A. D., and M. A.Goodale. 2008. “Two visual systems re‐viewed. Neuropsychologia  46:774–85.

Piaget, J.1954. The Construction of Reality in the Child. New York : Basic Books.

Poeppel, E.1997. “A hierarchical model of temporal perception. Trends in Cognitive Sciences  1:56–61.

Posner, M. I.1980. “Orienting of attention. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology  32:3–25.

Posner, M. I.1994. “Attention: The mechanisms of consciousness. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences  91:7398–7403.

Posner, M. I., and J.Fan. 2004. “Attention as an Organ System  .” In Topics in Integrative Neuroscience: From Cells to Cognition, ed. James R.Pomerantz and Michael C.Crair, 31–61. Cambridge : Cambridge Univ. Press.

Posner, M. I., and S. E.Petersen. 1990. “The attention system of the human brain. Annual Review of Neuroscience  13:25–42.

Raffone, Antonino, and NarayananSrinivasan. 2009. “An adaptive workspace model of metacognitive consciousness: Insights from neuroscience of consciousness and meditation studies  .” In Progress in Brain Research: Attention, Vol. 176, ed. N.Srinivasan, 161–80. Amsterdam : Elsevier.

Rensink, R. A.2002. “Change Detection. Annual Review of Psychology  53:245–77.

Rensink, R. A.2004. “Visual sensing without seeing. Psychological Science  15:27–32.

Rensink, R. A., J. K.O'Regan, and J. J.Clark. 1997. “To see or not to see: The need for attention to perceive changes in scenes. Psychological Science  8:368–73.

Rumelhart, D. E., et al. 1986. “Schemata and sequential thought processes in PDP models  .” In Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition, Vol. 2, ed. J. L.McClellandet al., 7–57, Cambridge : MIT Press.

Segal, Z. V., J. M. G.Williams, and J. D.Teasdale. 2002. Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy for Depression: A New Approach to Preventing Relapse. New York : Guilford.

Shantideva. 1971. Siksa‐samuccaya: A Compendium of Buddhist Doctrine. Trans. from Sanskrit by C.Bendall and W. H. D.Rouse. Delhi : Motilal Banarsidass.

Siegel, D. J.2007. The Mindful Brain. New York : Norton.

Simons, D. J., and C. F.Chabris. 1999. “Gorillas in our midst: Sustained inattentional blindness for dynamic events. Perception  28:1059–74.

Slagter, Heleen A., et al. 2007. “Mental training affects distribution of limited brain resources. PLoS [Public Library of Science] Biology  5, e138.

Sperling, George. 1960. “The information available in brief visual presentations. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied  74(11): 1–30.

Srinivasan, Narayanan, and S.Baijal. 2007. “Concentrative meditation enhances pre‐attentive processing: A mismatch negativity study. Neuroreport  18:1709–12.

Srinivasan, Narayanan, and R.Gupta. 2010. “Emotion‐attention interactions in recognition memory for distractor faces. Emotion  10:207–15.

Srinivasan, Narayanan, and A.Hanif. In press. “Global‐happy and local‐sad: Perceptual processing affects emotion identification  .” Cognition & Emotion.

Srinivasan, Narayanan, P.Srivastava, M.Lohani, and S.Baijal. 2009. “Focused and Distributed Attention  .” In Progress in Brain Research: Attention, Vol 176, ed. N.Srinivasan, 87–100. Amsterdam : Elsevier.

Sumedho, Ajahn. 2004. Intuitive Awareness. Hemel Hempstead , U.K. : Amaravati Buddhist Monastery.

Tang, Y. Y., et al. 2007. “Short‐term meditation training improves attention and self‐regulation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A.  , 104:17152–56.

Theeuwes, J., A. F.Kramer, and A. V.Belopolsky2004. “Attentional set interacts with perceptual load in visual search. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review  11:697–702.

Tononi, G., and G. M.Edelman. 1998. “Consciousness and complexityScience  282:1846–51.

Travis, F., and C.Pearson. 1999. “Pure consciousness: Distinct phenomenological and physiological correlates of ‘consciousness itselfInternational Journal of Neuroscience  100:77–89.

Travis, F., and R. K.Wallace. 2000. “Autonomic and EEG patterns during eyes‐closed rest and transcendental meditation (TM) practice: The basis for a neural model of TM practice. Consciousness and Cognition  8:302–18.

Treisman, Anne. 2006. “How deployment of attention determines what we see. Visual Cognition  14:411–43.

Treisman, A., and G.Gelade. 1980. “A feature‐integration theory of attention. Cognitive Psychology  12:97–136.

Valentine, E. R., and P. L. G.Sweet. 1999. “Meditation and attention: A comparison of the effects of concentrative and mindfulness meditation on sustained attention. Mental Health, Religion & Culture  2:59–70.

VanRullen, R., and C.Koch. 2003. “Is perception discrete or continuous?Trends in Cognitive Sciences  7:207–13.

Vasubandhu. 1991. Abhidharma Kosabhasyam. French trans. Louis de La Vallée Poussin; English trans. Leo M.Pruden. Berkeley , Calif : Asian Humanities Press.

Von Rospatt, A.1995. The Buddhist Doctrine of Momentariness: A Survey of the Origins and Early Phase of This Doctrine up to Vasubandhu. Stuttgart : Franz Steiner.

Wallace, Alan. 1999. “The Buddhist tradition of Samatha: Methods for refining and examining consciousness. Journal of Consciousness Studies  6:175–87.

Weissman, D. H., et al. 2006. “The neural bases of momentary lapses in attention. Nature Neuroscience  9:971–78.

Williams, M., J.Teasdale, Z.Segal, and J.Kabat‐Zinn. 2007. The Mindful Way through Depression. New York : Guilford.

Wojciulik, E., N.Kanwisher, and J.Driver. 1998. “Covert visual attention modulates face‐specific activity in the human fusiform gyrus: fMRI study. Journal of Neurophysiology  79:1574–78.

Zeki, Semir. 2003. “The disunity of consciousness. Trends in Cognitive Sciences  7:214–21.